MCQ Microbiology: Virology Multiple Choice Questions

1. What is the most common cause of aseptic meningitis of viral etiology?
   a. Enteroviruses
   b. Herpesviruses
   c. Arboviruses
   d. Retroviruses
   e. Orthomyxoviruses
2. Protection against influenza A virus in a nonimmune individual can be achieved through the administration of a drug that interferes with
   a. Viral endonuclease activity
   b. binding of host messenger RNA (mRNA) caps by the viral P1 protein
   c. Synthesis of viral progeny RNA
   d. Uncoating of nucleic acid
   e. Viral adsorption and penetration
   
    
3. Which one of the following immunizations should be administered immediately after birth?
   a. Diphtheria-pertusis-tetanus (DPT) vaccine
   b. Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine
   c. Hepatitis B vaccine
   d. HIV Vaccine
   e. Oral Polio virus
4. Which one of the following infection routes is most often involved in the neonatal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV)?
   a. Blood transfusion
   b. Fetal contact with infected blood during childbirth
   c. Ingestion of the virus via maternal breast milk
   d. Transmission of the virus from hospital personnel during childbirth
   e. Transplacental transmission of the virus
5. The finding of large, multinucleated, clumps of cells in the bronchial secretions of a 2 year old girl with acute bronchopneumonia suggests that this infection is caused by
   a. Bordetella pertusis
   b. Epstein-Barr virus
   c. Mycoplasma hominis
   d. a rhinovirus
   e. respiratory syncytial virus
6. All of the following picornaviruses are resistant to the acidity of the stomach except:
   a. Coxsackievirus A
   b. Coxsackievirus B
   c. Echo virus
   d. Poliovirus
   e. Rhinovirus
7. A divorced mother of four tests positive for HIV-1 Infection during investigation of a febrile illness with disseminated lymphadenopathy. A second enzyme immunoassay (EIA) is performed, and the results are the same. The woman denies intravenous drug use. She has dated several men since her divorce and can not be positive about their sexual habits or use of intravenous drugs. What is the appropriate next step in the management of this patient?
   a. Treatment with zidovudine (azidothymidine, AZT)
   b. All the patients close contacts whould be tested for HIV antibodies
   c. The public health authorities should be notified
   d. A western blot (immunoblot) test should be ordered
   e. The patient should be reassured and told that her disease is probably unrelated to AIDS.
8. In a chronic carrier of hepatitis B virus (HBV), which positive test is most indicative of high infectivity?
   a. Hepatitis B Surface Antigen (HbsAg)
   b. Hepatitis B Core Antigen (HbcAg)
   c. Hepatitis B e Antigen (HbeAg)
   d. Anti-HBsAg
   e. Anti-HBeAg
9. A retrovirus is found in a high proportion of laboratory animals of a given species. Most viremic animals are asymptomatic, but others develop a fatal wasting syndrome, and a few develop leukemia and other tumors after long periods of latency. The virus in question most likely lacks which one of the following genes?
   a. gag
   b. pol
   c. env
   d. onc
10. A sexually active 22 year old college student presents to the local clinic with a localized vesicular eruption on the shaft of his penis. A scraping of the base of one of the vesicles is positive for Tzanck cells. The patient mentions that he had a similar eruption in the same area 2 months earlier. The reappearance of this eruption may be explained by:
    a. Cell mediated immunity (CMI) deficiency in the patient
    b. A prolonged period of viremia following the initial infection
    c. A second infection with a similar virus with a different serotype
    d. failure of the patient to comply with therapy prescribed at the initial episode
    e. reactivation of a latent infection.