MCQs in Microbiology for M.Sc Entrance Examination

1.     Which of the following drug is used to treat fungal infections?
 a. erythromycin b. penicillin c. amphotericin B d. Quinine  e. none of the above 
2.     Pili/fimbrae  are thin short appendages extruding from the cytoplasmic membrane of certain bacteria.
These pili/fimbrae are involved in
a. movement b. attachment c. DNA transfer d. a and b e. b and c 
3.     What organism is considered an index of fecal pollution of drinking water supplies?
a. Rota Virus b. E. coli c. Salmonella spp. d. Hepatitis E virus

MCQ Microbiology: Infectious Disease, Bacteriology

1. The survival of Mycobacteria after ingestion by macrophages is attributed to
   a. Bacterial inhibition of complement activation via the alternative pathway.
   b. Bacterial inhibition of phagolysosome formation and interference with endosomal acidification
   c. The poor immunogenicity of the cell wall glycolipids.
   d. The bacterium's rapid escape from the endosome into the cytoplasm of infected cells.
   e. The bacterium's resistance to oxygen-active radicals released into the phagolysomsome.
2. A 21 year newly married woman developed a urinary tract infection. At the time she sought medical advice, she was febrile and complained of painful urination and flank pain. Her urine appeared “cloudy”. Urine culture yields a lactose-fermenting, indole-positive, Gram-negative bacillus. The infectiveness of the organism responsible for this urinary tract infection is associated with specific,
   a. exotoxins
   b. K antigens
   c. Metabolic properties
   d. P fimbriae
   e. Plasmids

Multiple Choice Questions MCQ in Microbiology: Preparation Material One

1. Which of the following is a non pathogen
   a. Yersinia Pestis b. Cryptococcus neoformans c. Anabaena spp d. Salmonella typhi
2. Prokaryotes are distinguished from eukaryotes by their
   a. Phospholipid plasma membrane b. Cytoplasm with ribosomes c. Nucleoid instead of nucleus d. Membrane bound organelles

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) Microbiology:Bacteriology

1. The identification of bacteria by serologic tests is based on the presence of specific antigens. Which of the following bacterial components is least likely to contain useful antigens?
   a. Ribosomes
   b. Cell wall
   c. Capsule
   d. Flagella

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ): Microbiology: Parasitology

Multiple Choice Questions Parasitology

1. Which of the following agent is used to prevent Malaria
   a. Mebendazole
   b. Chloroquine
   c. Inactivated vaccine
   d. Zinc tablet

MCQ: General Microbiology

1. The average radius of the prokaryotic cells is:
   a. 0.5-2.0 μm   b. 1.0-4.0 μm   c. 1.0-10.0 μm             d. 5.0-10.0 μm
   e. 10.0-30.0 μm
2. While viewing the soil sample under the microscope you will notice a rod- shaped cell devoid of a nucleus. The only correct assumption that can be made of the cell thus far is that:
   a. It is a eukaryote        b. It is gram positive      c. It contains peptidoglycan
   d. It contains mitochondria        e. It is part of a multicellular microorganisms
3. Which of the following is likely to contain structures composed of N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine:
   a. Spheroplasts b. Mycoplasmas           c. Escherichia coli         d. Protoplasts
   e. Amoebas
4. The association  of endotoxin in Gram-negative bacteria is a result of the presence of:
   a. Peptidoglycan           b. Lipopolysaccharides c. Polypeptide              d. Steroids        e. Calcified proteins
5. The reason that bacterial cells are more resistant to osmotic shock than are eukaryotic cells is that they:
   a. Contain a cell wall composed of cellulose                  b. Contain osmo- regulating porins        c. Actively block water molecules from entering the cell
   d. Are selectively permeable     e. Contain a cell wall composed of peptidoglycan
6. Which of the following describes prokaryotic cell membrane?
   a. Selectively permeable            b. Regulates passage of materials into and out of the cell            c. Contains proteins and phospholipids         d. Contains metabolic enzymes  e. All of these
7. Bacterial fimbriae present on the outer cell surface are used for:
   a. cellular activity          b. Sexual reproduction  c. Cell wall synthesis
   d. adherence to surfaces           e. Adhernce and exchange of genetic information.
8. The use of the antibiotics that inhibit or inactivate cellular ribosomes will result directly in the loss of which of the following functions:
   a. ATP production        b. DNA replication       c. Phagocytosis d. Protein syntheis         e. Cell division
9. Chloroplasts are organelle that actively carry out photosynthesis. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of them?
   a. Are found in plant and algal cells        b. Contain the pigment chlorophyll        
   c. Are membrane enclosed        d. Are found in photosynthetic prokaryotic cells
   e. Are found only in eukaryotic cells
10. Which of the following is true of phagocytosis?
    a. Is not engery dependent        b. Requires concentration gradient
    c. Occurs in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells                 d. None of the above
    e. A larger cell engulfs a smaller cell that will eventually be present in an internal vacuole.
11. All of the following pertain to mitoisis EXCEPT:
    a. new cells receive one copy of each parent cell chromosome
    b. Preceded by DNA replication
    c. Results in gamete production
    d. Spindle apparatus guides chromosome movement
    e. Process of nuclear division.
    
    

MCQ: Microbiology

1. If a scientist actively researches the frequency and distribution of the diseases, he is said to be a:
   a. Mycologist    b. Immunologist            c. Etiologist       d. Epidemiologist         
   e. Ecologist
2. The event that triggered the development and establishment of microbiology as a science is the:
   a. Spontaneous generation        b. Use of disinfectants               c. Vaccination  
   d. germ theory of diseases         e. Development of microscope
   

Agriculture Microbiology MCQ tribhuvan University 9

81. ……. Is a undesirable process form the standpoint of agriculture.
a. phosphorus solubilization b. Denitrification c. Nitrification
d. both a and b
82. denitrification processes……………..
a. is an example of aerobic respiration b. Remove nitrogen from soil
c. occurs when oxygen supply is abundant d. all of the above
83. nitrate and phosphate contamination of aquatic ecosystem causes
a. alagal bloom b. acclerated eutrophication
c. suffocation of aquatic aerobes d. all of the above
84. the order of soil population is
a. Bacteria >Actinomycetes >Fungi >Algae> Protozoa
b. Actinomycetes> Bacteria >Fungi>Protozoa> Algae
c. Bacteria> Protozoa> Fungi >Actinomycetes> Algae
d. Bacteria >Fungi >Actinomycetes> Algae >Protozoa
85. Which one is responsible for denitrification
a. Nitrobacter b. pseudomonas c. Bacillus d. both b and c
86. ……… make up a large percentage of rhizosphere than of the normal soil flora
a. Short gram negative rods b. Gram positive rods c. spore forming bacteria
d. Arthobacter group
87. Species of Thiobacillus and Beggiatoa play an important role in the
a. Nitrogen cycle b. Carbon cycle c Phosphorus cycle d. Sulfur cycle
88. which of the following fungi oxidizes sulfur
a. Aspergillus b. Penicillum c. both of above d. none
89. The PH range of thiobacilli is
a. 1.5-5 b. 1.5-8 c. 3-7 d. 2-5
90. organic soil may contain bacteria up to …………. In significant number.
a. 10 cm b. 20 cm c. 160 cm d. 40 cm

Agriculture Microbiology MCQ tribhuvan University 7

61. ………..percentage of plant material and ………….percentage of plant protein is composed of sulfur
a. 1,2 b. 0.5 , 1 c. 2 , 3 d. 3 , 4.5
62. lignin metabolism is triggered by……….
a. N, S, or C starvation b.Supplement of N and C c. addition of cellulose and hemicellulose d. supplement of C, N and S
63. Lignin ………cellulose and hemicellulose decomposition.
a. Increases b. decreases c. acclerates d.does not alter
64. …….. of soil microbial population solubilizes phosphorus.
a. 10% b. 20% c 40% d. 50%
65. mechanism of phosphorus solubilization is by
a. chelation b. iron reduction c. acid production d. all of the above
66. in a food chain consisting of the following, which acts as the decomposer
a. Protozoa b. Algae c. helminth d. fungi
67. …………forms stem nodules.
a. Azorhizobium b. Bradyrhizobium c. Rhizobium d. cyanobacteria
68. ……..have been used for centuries to enrich ride paddies
a. Anabaena azollae b. Frankia c. Azospirillum lipoferum d. rhizobium
69. The size of the minerals clay, silt and sand is respectively…………..
a. 2µm, 0.002-0.05 mm, 0.05-2.0 mm b. 0.002-0.05 mm, 2µm, 0.05-2.0 mm
c. 0.05-2.0 mm, 2µm, ≥2.0 mm d. 2µm, 0.05-2.0 mm, 0.002-0.05mm
70. which region of the soil profile is also called surface soil
a. C horizon b. A horizon c. O horizon d. B horizon

Agriculture Microbiology MCQ tribhuvan University 5

41. The percentage of ……… in the total microbial population increases with the depth of soil.
a. Bacteria b. Virus c. fungi d. Actinomycetes
42. ……………… are intolerant to acidity.
a. Bacteria b. Fungi c. Actinomycetes d. None
43. Viruses do not attack
a. Bacteria b. Fungi c. Actinomycetes d. Attacks all
44. Blue Baby Syndrome or Methemoglobinemia may be due to
a. Excessive Nitrates in drinking water
b. pyocyanin compound of Pseudomonas
c. sulfur contamination of water
d. both a and b

45. Loam is a soil composed of
a. Sand, Silt and Clay in equal proportion b. sand predominates c. clay predominates c the amount of sand and silt is equals to that of clay
46. Bacteria responsible for denitrification are
a. Pseudomonas b. Thiobacillus c. Bacillus d. All
47. Nitrite oxidizing bacteria are
a. Nitrobacter b. Nitrospina c. Nitrococcus d. All
48. Ammonia oxidizing bacteria are
a. Nitrosomonas b. Nirosococcus c. Nirosolobus d. Nitrosovibrio e. All
49. Nitrogen fixation by microorganisms is detected by
a. measuring the amount of nitrogen in soil b. demonstration of growth in Nitrogen free medium c. rotation of the crops d. it is impossible to demonstrate
50. Anaerobic Non symbiotic nitrogen fixing organism is/are
a. Clostridium pasteurianum b. Azotobacter c. Both d. None

Agriculture Microbiology MCQ tribhuvan University 4

31. which of the following is a strict anaerobic bacteria
a. pseudomonas spp b. Bacillus c. E. coli d. Methanogenic bacteria
32. if you want to remove high ammonium content for the river water, which one of the following bacterium will be useful
a. Rhizobium b. E coli c. Pseudomonas d. Nitrobacter
33. Most efficient strains for the oxidation of ammonia to NO2 is
a. Nitrosococcus b. Nitrospira c. Nitrosomonas d. Nitrosolobus
34. which of the follwing two genera do not contain species that fix nitrogen symbiotically.
a. Rhizobium b. Clostridium c. Frankia d. Anabaena
35. Desulphovibrio bacteria are found commonly in ponds;
a. surface of water b. Middle zone c. bottom
36. eutrophication of lakes lead to overgrowth of
a. grasses b. algae and cyanobacteria c. fungi d. none of the above
37. phytoalexins are formed mostly in which part of plant
a. leaf b. fruit c. root d. flower
38. which physical factor promote the microbial population in soil
a. sand b. clay c. silt d. Loam soil
39. which of the following organism is cellulytic actinomycetes
a. Micromonas b. Nocardia c. Streptomyces d. all of the above
40. In the order of abundance which is the commonest genera of actinomyctes in soil.
a. Streptomyces b. Nocardia c. Micromonas d. Actinoplanes

Agriculture Microbiology MCQ tribhuvan University 3

21. Widely used inexpensive technique to measure nitrogen fixation depends on
a. capability of nitrogen fixing enzyme (nitrogenase) to act upon acetylene.
b. Ninhydrin test
c. comparison of growth of plants in nitrogen supplemented and non supplemented fields.
d. direct measurement of fixed nitrogen from the soil
22. bacteria of the both physiological groups, ammonia oxidizers and nitrite oxidizers are
a. Gram Negative Chemolithotrophs b. both gram positive and gram negative Chemolithotrophs c. Gram Negative Chemoorganotrophs d. both gram negative and gram positive Chemoorganotrophs.
23. Degradation of Lignin in forest soil constitutes the example of
a. Neutralism b. Mutalism c. commensalisms d. competition
24. Ratio of the Microorganisms in the rhizoshphere compared to the microorganisms in the bulk soil i. e R:S ration typically ranges from
a. 2-5 b. 5-10 c. 10-50 d.4-8
25. Agricultural crops commonly contain ……………percentage of phosphorus in their tissue.
A. 0.05-0.5% B. 2.5-4% C. 2-3% D. 1-1.5%
26. Fungal mycelium and Bacterial biomass contain…………….. percentage of Phosphorus respectively.
a. 0.5-1% and 1-3% B.0.05-0.5% and 0.5-1% C. 2% and 3% D. 2.5-4% and 1.5-2.5%
27. ………….. is called as Father of Soil Microbiology.
A. Hiltner B Ruinen C Winogradsky D. Beijernickia
28. Nitrogen (N2) becomes a nitrate through the process of
A. Nitrification B. Nitrogen fixation C. Ammonification D. Denitrification
29. Chemoautotrophy is discovered by,
A. Hiltner B Ruinen C Winogradsky D. Beijernickia
30. Nitrogen Fixing stage of rhizobium is called
a. Rhizoid b. Bacteroid c. Viroid d. Bacteria

Agriculture Microbiology MCQ tribhuvan University 2

11. Dissolution of rocks is due to
a. Carbonic acid b. Organic acid c. freezing and thawing d. all of the above
12. In which depth in a garden soil does the maximum number of microorganisms per gram occur?
a. at a depth of 3-8 cm. b. at a depth of 1-3 cm c. at a depth of 8-12 cm d. at a depth of 12-25 cm
13. compound responsible for the distinctive “earthy” odor of soil is
a. Phytoalexins b. root exudates c. cellulose d. Geosmin
14. ………… is a common denitrifying bacteria?
a. Pseudomonas b. Nitrobacter c.frankia d. azospirillum
15. dissimilatory sulfur- reducing bacteria……………
a. can reduce elemental sulfur to sulfide but are unable to reduce sulfate to sulfide
b. cant reduce elemental sulfur to sulfide but can reduce sulfate to sulfide
c. can reduce both elemental sulfur and sulfate to sulfide
d. cant reduce both elemental sulfur and sulfate
16. Desulfuromonas is ………………..
a. obligate anaerobes b. sulfate reducing bacteria c. both of above d. facultative aerobe
17. Formation of “infection thread” in certain root hairs is due to
a. Rhizobium bacteria b. pathogenic bacteria c. pathogenic fungi
18. Organisms involved in non symbiotic nitrogen fixations are the species of;
a. Spp of Azotobacter b.Cyanobacteria c. Clostridium Pasteurianum d. all of the above
19. The amount of nitrogen fixed by the non symbiotic process ranges between
a. 20-50lb/acre annually b 50-100 lb/ acre annually c. >200 lb/acre annually
20. Nitrogenase enzyme complex contains component I an II……….
a. Nitrogenase and Nitrogenase reductase b. MoFe protein and Fe protein
c. Both of the above d. None of the above